2008年12月8日 星期一

讀孫子兵法學英文》鴨子划水

圖/江長芳

金 管會主委陳樹請辭獲准,永豐金控董事長陳立即取而代之,吹響內閣改組的號角,內閣調整第一步已經跨出,閣員開始進入最後觀察期。有人認為劉內閣施政滿意度 表現不佳,是整體環境太過惡劣,多屬非戰之罪,但財經部會首長屢屢成為外界點名對象,導致內閣改組聲浪久久不退,也是事實。

322總統大選,馬英九以700多萬票絕對多數選票,贏得總統寶座,當時人民交付信任,給他機會體現人民心聲(the voice of the people)。選後金融海嘯撲面而來,劉內閣評價不如預期,政策調整不夠,民意滿意度節節下滑,馬總統退居第二線,原本是遵憲,放手讓行政院施展,卻被 譏為「宅男」總統,也就是不負責的領袖(empty leader)。

民意為先 事事推託如何見績效

例:“Napoleon was the voice of the people until he turned into the exact dictator that he sought to destroy.”「拿破崙一度眾望所歸,旋即墮落成他自己誓言推翻的獨裁者。」

“Many empty leaders pass down the orders they receive to their subordinates, and blame them for not completing it on time.”「高官位居要津,毫無作為,凡事推託,下屬不能及時達成任務,就遭到痛斥。」

對人民而言,閣員去留事小,行政院長劉兆玄能否站穩腳跟,率領國人走出危機事大,重振人民對政府的信心,接下重責大任(fill the shoes)才重要。人民以整體看待政府施政,但施政團隊執行政策出現瓶頸,即使部會首長自認任勞任怨(being a grinder),一旦被人認為礙難精準執行閣揆的理念,做再多也被視為裝忙、幫倒忙(always look busy),去職也在所難免。

例:“We are not confident that Louis can fill the shoes last CEO left for him.”「小劉接下總經理職務,但能否順利運作,大家不無疑慮。」

“Harry is the grinder here–his job is the toughest and most enduring, and gets very little credit–but we know he is the most indispensable person in our company.”「哈利的工作既重且繁,從不討好,不過他真的不可或缺。」

“Suzan seems to always look busy, but at the same time always has time to talk.”「小蘇看起來很忙,不過她找人講話的時間真多。」

閣揆的領導風格決定閣員的配合態度。現任閣揆溫和治國,金融風暴鋪天蓋地,夾雜閣員失言風波,民調滿意度自然不好;前朝也有人嚴厲帶兵,國會客觀環境不 佳,使不上力的結果,照樣被撤換。業績掛帥,被領導者都要卯足全力,奮不顧身(everyman counts),領導者更要能拳拳到位,切中時弊(strike the nerve),上下一心,達成目標,才能達標過關。

檢視實力 擇優汰劣不能卸責

例:“I know my colleagues and I know everyman counts.”「我重視同僚,他們個個重要。」

“The premier wanted to strike the nerve of the cabinet by criticizing the members first to make sure they had the correct strategy.”「閣揆大力整頓,斥責閣員,目的是找出可行方案。」

孫子說:「吏強卒弱,曰陷。」領導者企圖心強,屬下卻跟不上腳步,就會陷入苦戰,甚至敗陣。屬下腳步慢,可能是因為缺乏訓練、沒有經驗、敵眾我寡。這時主 將就必須及時鼓舞士氣,不能一味追逐目標(have their head in the clouds),而是重新檢視自己的實力,調整隊伍。所謂強將手下無弱兵,加強訓練、激勵士氣、增加歷練、擇優汰劣,這些鴨子划水(dock on a pond)功夫,都是領導者不可推卸的責任。

例:“Successful entrepreneurs have their head in the clouds and their feet on the ground.”「志向遠大,腳踏實地,是成功企業的共同點。」

“Most government is like ducks on a pond, calm on the surface but frantic action underneath where it's out of sight.”「表面平靜安詳,底下全力較勁,這種鴨子划水功夫,各國政府皆然。」

【2008/12/07 經濟日報】

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